Madhya Pradesh (MP)
Madhya Pradesh capital is Bhopal, and the
largest city is Indore. Nicknamed
the "heart of India" due to its geographical location in India,
Madhya Pradesh is the second largest state in the country by area. With over 75
million inhabitants, it is the sixth largest state in India by population. It
borders the states of Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Chhattisgarh to the southeast, Maharashtra to the south, Gujaratto
the west, and Rajasthan to the northwest.
The area covered by the
present-day Madhya Pradesh includes the area of the ancient Avanti mahajanapada,
whose capital Ujjain(also known
as Avanti) arose as a major city during the second wave of Indian urbanisation
in the sixth century BCE. Subsequently, the region was ruled by the major
dynasties of India, including the Mauryans, Gupta Empire, Harshavardhana,
then Rajput kings ofParamara, Chandelas, Bundela, Tomaras,
subsequently by the Mughals and later by the Marathas. By the early 18th century, the region
was divided into several small kingdoms which were captured by the British and incorporated into Central Provinces and Berar and the Central India Agency. After India's
independence, Madhya Pradesh state was created with Nagpur as its capital: this state included
the southern parts of the present-day Madhya Pradesh and north-eastern portion
of today's Maharashtra. In 1956, this state was reorganised and its parts were combined with the
states of Madhya Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh and Bhopal to
form the new Madhya Pradesh state with Bhopal as its capital; the
Marathi-speaking Vidarbha region was removed and merged with the
thenBombay State.
This state was the largest in India by area until 2000, when its southeastern
Chhattisgarh region was made a separate state.
Politics of Madhya
Pradesh is Bharatiya
Janata Party (BJP) The current government in Madhya Pradesh is that
of Bharatiya Janata Party.
The Chief Minister is Shivraj Singh Chouhan
Madhya Pradesh is home
to a large tribal population, who have been largely
cut off from the mainstream development. This makes Madhya Pradesh one of the
least developed states in India, with an HDI (Human
Development Index) value of 0.375 (2011), which is well below the national
average The state's per-capita gross state domestic product (nominal GDP) is the fourth lowest in
the country (2010–11) MP is also
the lowest-ranked state on the India State Hunger Index. In recent years,
the state's GDP growth has been above the national average Rich in mineral
resources, MP has the largest reserves of diamond and copper in India. More
than 30% of its area is under the forest cover. Its tourism industry has seen
considerable growth, with the state topping the National Tourism Awards in the
year 2010–11.
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308,252 km2 (119,017 sq mi)
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Economy of Madhya Pradesh comprises of agriculture and
industries of Madhya Pradesh. In fact, industries and agriculture form the
backbone of economy of Madhya Pradesh, whereas the supporting bones are mining,
tourism and banking.
Precisely speaking, the economy of Madhya Pradeshis divided
into five different heads, namely:
Agriculture,Industries,Mining,Tourism,Banking and Finance
Talking about the first aspect of the economy of Madhya
Pradesh, we can mention that Madhya Pradesh is an agricultural state where the
main occupation of the people is agriculture.
In spite of the growth of industries, agriculture is moving
steadily in the economic backdrop of the state.
Some of the important crops that are vital to agriculture
in Madhya Pradesh are follows, along with a study of their average production
(in kilogram per hectare):
Rice - 1,058
Wheat - 1,867
Javar - 1,342
Gram - 932
Soybean - 1,132
Sugarcane - 4,215
Cotton - 557
In Madhya Pradesh, about 74.73% of people come from
villages who are far from the influence of industrialization. True, that Madhya
Pradesh is unhinged by industrialization - mechanization has indeed seeped in,
but the rustic feel is still there with the prevalence of agriculture.
In Madhya Pradesh, about 49% of the land is cultivable,
i.e. majority of the land surface is favorable for cultivation. The following
data would further sort all queries regarding utilization of land in Madhya
Pradesh for agriculture (according to a 2003-2004 survey):
Net Area Sown - 15,048 hectares
Gross Cropped Area - 19,891 hectares
Double Cropped Area - 4,843
Net Irrigated Area - 5,631
Gross Irrigated Area - 5,776
Talking about agricultural production in Madhya Pradesh, we
can get an estimate of the agricultural production (in lac metric ton) of
Madhya Pradesh through the following study (2003-2004):
Food Grains - 158.72 .
Soybean - 47.09.
Total Oil Seeds (including Soybean) - 55.86.
Sugarcane - 2.18.
Cotton - 6.58.
Monuments of Madhya
Pradesh Tourism:
The stoneworks of the place bear the history of empires,
warriors, and philosophers. The giant fort of Gwalior evokes memories of a
momentous past. The series of temples and forts of Orchha has a medieval touch.
Mandu bears testimony of the time when the Afghans marched in and crafted its
stones. At Khajuraho, poetry is created on stone by the warrior race of
Chandella Rajputs. The oldest Buddhist shrines at Sanchi reflect the glory of
Ashokan times.
Holy Places of Madhya
Pradesh Tourism:
Exquisite temples, mosques, bathing ghats and shrines are
sanctified with faith. Pilgrims venerate the gods in the temples of Ujjain,
Omkareshwar, and Maheshwar, and the mosque of Bhopal.
Wildlife of Madhya
Pradesh Tourism:
Wildlife like tigers, spotted deer, wild boar, gaur and
hundreds of species of birds roam free in the bamboo and sal forests of Kanha,
Shivpuri, Panna and Bandhavgarh.
Festivals of Madhya
Pradesh Tourism:
Dusshera at Bastar, Simhastha at Ujjain, Ramnaumi at
Chitrakoot, Bhagoriya at Jhabua, and the annual dance festival at Khajuraho are
popular throughout the country.
Besides, these ,industry and banking sectors are also
working wonders in the economy of Madhya Pradesh.
1. Mahakaleshwar jyotirlinga
2. Omkareshwar
3. Kandariya Mahadeva Temple
4. Shanid Dham Temple
5. Van vihar national park
6. Lakshmana temple,khajurahos
7. Taj-ul-masajid
8. Duladeo Temple
9. Brarat bhavan
10. Lower lake,bhopal
11. Devi jagadambi temple
12. Dhupgarh
13. Chaturbhuj temple
14. Vamana Temple,khajuraho
15. Javari Temple,khajuraho
16. Parvati Temple,khajuraho
17. Lakshmi Temple,khajuraho
Dressing style of Madhya Pradesh
Costumes of Men in Madhya Pradesh
Most of the men in Madhya Pradesh wear Dhoti as it is a traditional dress. Safa
is a type of turban, which is commonly worn by males. There is a black or white
jacket called as Mirzai or Bandi, which is attractive attire, particularly in
Malwa and Bundelkhand. The myriad colors of the costume give a dignified and
radiant appearance. Tribal people wear short Dhotis, mostly in remote areas of
Madhya Pradesh, which is known as langot.
Costumes of Women in Madhya Pradesh
Most of the women in Madhya Pradesh wear Lehenga and Choli. There is another
clothing i.e. Lugra or Orni covered over the shoulder and head. Black and red
are the most prominent colors which you can see in women’s dresses. Saree can
also be seen on females in this part of India.
Bandhani dresses are produced in bulk in Ujjain, Indore and Maundsar. To pain
the fabric, modern wax is used and it is dyed using cold
dyes. Hence the clothing is widely worn all across Madhya Pradesh. Maheshwari
Sarees and Chanderi Sarees have fame not only in the state but other parts of
India and world as well. They are produced with hand-woven and famous for their
delicate styles. Due to the growth of Madhya Pradesh and modernization of
people, most females can be seen in Western outfits, even in tribal areas,
Kasbas and towns.
Kathir and silver ornaments are worn by the tribal women in Madhya Pradesh.
Bangles, necklaces and bracelets also put on over the traditional dresses to
show a great virtue of women. Girls wear Pyheb on feet which make beautiful sounds
while walkingandrunning.
Tattoo Designing
Designing of tattoo is common in trial areas like Bajara, Bhilala, Bhil,
Meghwal, Kumhar, Kahar and Charan. People go for potters who have expertise in
tattooing. Women of these tribes consider drawing tattoos on their arms with
their own name or the god’s pictures.
Culture
Three sites in Madhya Pradesh have been declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO: theKhajuraho Group
of Monuments (1986)
including Devi Jagadambi temple, Rewa, Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (1989) and the Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (2003). Other architecturally
significant or scenic sites include Ajaigarh, Amarkantak, Asirgarh, Bandhavgarh, Bawangaja, Bhopal,Vidisha, Chanderi, Chitrakuta, Dhar, Gwalior, Indore, Burhanpur, Maheshwar, Mandleshwar, Mandu,Omkareshwar, Orchha, Pachmarhi, Shivpuri, Sonagiri, Mandla and Ujjain.
Madhya Pradesh is noted
for its classical and folk music. Some of the noted Hindustani classical music gharanas in Madhya Pradesh include the Maihar gharana,
the Gwalior gharana and Senia gharana
Two of the medieval India's most noted singers, Tansen and Baiju Bawra,
were born near Gwalior in present-day Madhya Pradesh. Noted Dhrupad exponents Aminuddin Dagar (Indore), Gundecha Brothers (Ujjain) and Uday Bhawalkar (Ujjain) were also born in present-day
Madhya Pradesh The birthplaces of noted playback singers Kishore Kumar (Khandwa) and Lata Mangeshkar (Indore) are also located in MP. The
local styles of folk singing include Faga, Bhartahari, Sanja geet, Bhopa, Kalbelia,
Bhat/Bhand/Charan, Vasdeva, Videsia, Kalgi Turra, Nirgunia, Alha, Pandwani
Gayan and Garba Garbi Govalan
The major folk dances of
MP are Badhai, Rai, Saira, Jawara, Sher, Akhara, Shaitan, baredi, karma, kathi,
Sua, Saila, Mauni, Dhimrai, kanara, Bhagoria, Dashera, dadariya, Duldul Ghodi,
Lehgi ghodi, Fefriya, Mandlya, danda, Ada-khada, dadel, Matki, birha, Ahirai,
pardhauni, Vilma, Dadar and Kalsa
India
